Hundreds of resistance markers can be detected in a “stool pool” of well patients.  Resistance markers may be present in the microbiome as a result of previous exposure to antibiotics and environmental exposures; elemental mercury is a classic example. Resistance mechanisms may very well be associated with non-pathogenic, commensal organisms.  Simply evaluating the presence of resistance markers in a total stool DNA extract, without direct connection to a specific pathogenic bacteria, has no value in clinical microbiology or patient care.  

Direct susceptibility testing (included in the GI360™) is performed with highly standardized and validated techniques with regards to natural antibacterial and prescriptive agents.  Bona fide susceptibility testing provides actionable results that aid in targeted clinical intervention.